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231 lines
12 KiB
231 lines
12 KiB
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="module-services-matrix">
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<title>Matrix</title>
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<para>
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<link xlink:href="https://matrix.org/">Matrix</link> is an open standard for
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interoperable, decentralised, real-time communication over IP. It can be used
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to power Instant Messaging, VoIP/WebRTC signalling, Internet of Things
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communication - or anywhere you need a standard HTTP API for publishing and
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subscribing to data whilst tracking the conversation history.
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</para>
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<para>
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This chapter will show you how to set up your own, self-hosted Matrix
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homeserver using the Synapse reference homeserver, and how to serve your own
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copy of the Element web client. See the
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<link xlink:href="https://matrix.org/docs/projects/try-matrix-now.html">Try
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Matrix Now!</link> overview page for links to Element Apps for Android and iOS,
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desktop clients, as well as bridges to other networks and other projects
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around Matrix.
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</para>
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<section xml:id="module-services-matrix-synapse">
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<title>Synapse Homeserver</title>
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<para>
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse">Synapse</link> is
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the reference homeserver implementation of Matrix from the core development
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team at matrix.org. The following configuration example will set up a
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synapse server for the <literal>example.org</literal> domain, served from
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the host <literal>myhostname.example.org</literal>. For more information,
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please refer to the
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse#synapse-installation">
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installation instructions of Synapse </link>.
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<programlisting>
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{ pkgs, lib, ... }:
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let
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fqdn =
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let
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join = hostName: domain: hostName + lib.optionalString (domain != null) ".${domain}";
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in join config.networking.hostName config.networking.domain;
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in {
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networking = {
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<link linkend="opt-networking.hostName">hostName</link> = "myhostname";
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<link linkend="opt-networking.domain">domain</link> = "example.org";
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};
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<link linkend="opt-networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts">networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts</link> = [ 80 443 ];
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<link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.enable">services.postgresql.enable</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.initialScript">services.postgresql.initialScript</link> = pkgs.writeText "synapse-init.sql" ''
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CREATE ROLE "matrix-synapse" WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'synapse';
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CREATE DATABASE "matrix-synapse" WITH OWNER "matrix-synapse"
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TEMPLATE template0
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LC_COLLATE = "C"
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LC_CTYPE = "C";
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'';
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services.nginx = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.enable">enable</link> = true;
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# only recommendedProxySettings and recommendedGzipSettings are strictly required,
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# but the rest make sense as well
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.recommendedTlsSettings">recommendedTlsSettings</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.recommendedOptimisation">recommendedOptimisation</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.recommendedGzipSettings">recommendedGzipSettings</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.recommendedProxySettings">recommendedProxySettings</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts">virtualHosts</link> = {
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# This host section can be placed on a different host than the rest,
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# i.e. to delegate from the host being accessible as ${config.networking.domain}
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# to another host actually running the Matrix homeserver.
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"${config.networking.domain}" = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.enableACME">enableACME</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.forceSSL">forceSSL</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.locations._name_.extraConfig">locations."= /.well-known/matrix/server".extraConfig</link> =
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let
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# use 443 instead of the default 8448 port to unite
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# the client-server and server-server port for simplicity
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server = { "m.server" = "${fqdn}:443"; };
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in ''
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add_header Content-Type application/json;
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return 200 '${builtins.toJSON server}';
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'';
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.locations._name_.extraConfig">locations."= /.well-known/matrix/client".extraConfig</link> =
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let
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client = {
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"m.homeserver" = { "base_url" = "https://${fqdn}"; };
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"m.identity_server" = { "base_url" = "https://vector.im"; };
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};
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# ACAO required to allow element-web on any URL to request this json file
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in ''
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add_header Content-Type application/json;
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add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
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return 200 '${builtins.toJSON client}';
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'';
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};
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# Reverse proxy for Matrix client-server and server-server communication
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${fqdn} = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.enableACME">enableACME</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.forceSSL">forceSSL</link> = true;
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# Or do a redirect instead of the 404, or whatever is appropriate for you.
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# But do not put a Matrix Web client here! See the Element web section below.
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.locations._name_.extraConfig">locations."/".extraConfig</link> = ''
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return 404;
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'';
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# forward all Matrix API calls to the synapse Matrix homeserver
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locations."/_matrix" = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.locations._name_.proxyPass">proxyPass</link> = "http://[::1]:8008"; # without a trailing /
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};
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};
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};
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};
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services.matrix-synapse = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.enable">enable</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.server_name">server_name</link> = config.networking.domain;
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners">listeners</link> = [
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{
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.port">port</link> = 8008;
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.bind_addresses">bind_addresses</link> = [ "::1" ];
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.type">type</link> = "http";
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.tls">tls</link> = false;
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.x_forwarded">x_forwarded</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.resources">resources</link> = [ {
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.resources._.names">names</link> = [ "client" ];
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.resources._.compress">compress</link> = true;
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} {
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.resources._.names">names</link> = [ "federation" ];
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.listeners._.resources._.compress">compress</link> = false;
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} ];
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}
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];
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};
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}
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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If the <code>A</code> and <code>AAAA</code> DNS records on
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<literal>example.org</literal> do not point on the same host as the records
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for <code>myhostname.example.org</code>, you can easily move the
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<code>/.well-known</code> virtualHost section of the code to the host that
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is serving <literal>example.org</literal>, while the rest stays on
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<literal>myhostname.example.org</literal> with no other changes required.
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This pattern also allows to seamlessly move the homeserver from
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<literal>myhostname.example.org</literal> to
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<literal>myotherhost.example.org</literal> by only changing the
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<code>/.well-known</code> redirection target.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you want to run a server with public registration by anybody, you can
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then enable <literal><link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.enable_registration">services.matrix-synapse.settings.enable_registration</link> =
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true;</literal>. Otherwise, or you can generate a registration secret with
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<command>pwgen -s 64 1</command> and set it with
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<option><link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.registration_shared_secret">services.matrix-synapse.settings.registration_shared_secret</link></option>.
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To create a new user or admin, run the following after you have set the secret
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and have rebuilt NixOS:
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<screen>
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<prompt>$ </prompt>nix run nixpkgs.matrix-synapse
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<prompt>$ </prompt>register_new_matrix_user -k <replaceable>your-registration-shared-secret</replaceable> http://localhost:8008
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<prompt>New user localpart: </prompt><replaceable>your-username</replaceable>
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<prompt>Password:</prompt>
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<prompt>Confirm password:</prompt>
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<prompt>Make admin [no]:</prompt>
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Success!
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</screen>
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In the example, this would create a user with the Matrix Identifier
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<literal>@your-username:example.org</literal>. Note that the registration
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secret ends up in the nix store and therefore is world-readable by any user
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on your machine, so it makes sense to only temporarily activate the
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<link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.registration_shared_secret">registration_shared_secret</link>
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option until a better solution for NixOS is in place.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="module-services-matrix-element-web">
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<title>Element (formerly known as Riot) Web Client</title>
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<para>
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/vector-im/riot-web/">Element Web</link> is
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the reference web client for Matrix and developed by the core team at
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matrix.org. Element was formerly known as Riot.im, see the
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<link xlink:href="https://element.io/blog/welcome-to-element/">Element introductory blog post</link>
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for more information. The following snippet can be optionally added to the code before
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to complete the synapse installation with a web client served at
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<code>https://element.myhostname.example.org</code> and
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<code>https://element.example.org</code>. Alternatively, you can use the hosted
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copy at <link xlink:href="https://app.element.io/">https://app.element.io/</link>,
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or use other web clients or native client applications. Due to the
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<literal>/.well-known</literal> urls set up done above, many clients should
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fill in the required connection details automatically when you enter your
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Matrix Identifier. See
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<link xlink:href="https://matrix.org/docs/projects/try-matrix-now.html">Try
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Matrix Now!</link> for a list of existing clients and their supported
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featureset.
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<programlisting>
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{
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services.nginx.virtualHosts."element.${fqdn}" = {
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.enableACME">enableACME</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.forceSSL">forceSSL</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.serverAliases">serverAliases</link> = [
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"element.${config.networking.domain}"
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];
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<link linkend="opt-services.nginx.virtualHosts._name_.root">root</link> = pkgs.element-web.override {
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conf = {
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default_server_config."m.homeserver" = {
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"base_url" = "https://${fqdn}";
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"server_name" = "${fqdn}";
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};
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};
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};
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};
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}
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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Note that the Element developers do not recommend running Element and your Matrix
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homeserver on the same fully-qualified domain name for security reasons. In
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the example, this means that you should not reuse the
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<literal>myhostname.example.org</literal> virtualHost to also serve Element,
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but instead serve it on a different subdomain, like
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<literal>element.example.org</literal> in the example. See the
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/vector-im/riot-web#important-security-note">Element
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Important Security Notes</link> for more information on this subject.
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</para>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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